Tuesday, 20 October 2009

Do narrative theories work on The Shining?

Do narrative structures work?
Our teacher set us out the task to look at different narrative media theorists to see how well their theories worked on horror films, these include Vladimir Propp and Tzvetan Todorov. After watching the horror film 'The Shinning', i have tried to fit its narrative structure into these theories.
Vladimir Propp found that all Russian folk tales shared common properties, no matter how widely they differ in characterization, setting or plot, they shared certain structure features. Propp's theory is that all narratives have 8 character roles and 31 narrative functions, the character roles include:
-The villain.
-The Hero.
-The donor- who provides an object with some magic property.
-The helper who aids the hero.
-The princess: the reward for the hero and object of the villain schemes.
-The father: who rewards the hero.
-The dispatcher: who sends the hero on his way.
-The false hero.

Propp has also outlined a list of 31, in which are organised in narrative groups indicating their place in the development of the plot. These narrative groups in order include: Preparation, complication, Transference, Struggle, Return and recognition. To test if Propps theory worked i decided to compare the narrative structure from 'The shinning' to one of the narrative groups.

Recognition:
1. A member of a family leaves home/ Jack goes for an interview.
2.A prohibition or rule is imbosed on the hero/ Jack needs to look after the hotel.
3.This prohibition is broken/ Jack and Danny go into room 237.
4.The villian makes an attempt at reconaissance/ Jack disables the radio.
5.The Villain learns something about his victim/ Jack learns that Danny has the shining.
6.The villain tries to decieve the victim to get prossedion of him or his belongings/Jack wanting Danny's powers.
7.The victim unknowingly helps the villain by being decived or influenced by the villain.

From this i have found that Vladimir Propp's theory doesn't always work in chronological order, as some narrative structures work in the opposite order. For instance some more modern films start with flash backs or clips from the future to create more suspense and mystery. Therefore these type of narrative structures wouldn't fit into allot of theories made. On the other hand the characters from 'The Shining' can fit into his 8 character roles, some in which fit nicely into two roles. In 'The Shining', Danny is both the 'hero' and the 'princess', as he is the prize, the villain in this case the dad wants Danny, yet Danny is also the Hero when he and his mom, are trying to escape.
Another narrative theorists Tzvetan Todorov, had a less specific theory, in which therefore fits film narratives better. This was that each story begins with an equilibrium, a potentially balanced world. This is then interrupted by an event, the disequilibrium, creating a chain of events resolving to a new equilibrium.
This i feel works in the the majority of stories, as each film starts in an equal manor until something changes, therefore creating a a series of events to fix the problem. This works in 'The Shining' in the sense that in the beginning there is a pleasant relationship between the family member, until the father becomes mad, therefore the family is put at risk (the disequilibrium) yet this is then solved through the pathway of resolution until the closure (the new equilibrium).
As a conclusion these theories move you from thinking characters are real people, but as a narrative man made character in which goes through a series of events.

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